How many states can a Bit store?

A bit, which is the fundamental unit of data in computing and digital communications, can store two distinct states. These states are typically represented as 0 and 1, aligning with the binary number system. In essence, a bit functions as a binary switch, allowing for the identification of two possibilities: on (1) or off (0).

The concept of a bit being able to represent only two states is foundational in digital electronics and data representation. When you aggregate multiple bits, such as in sequences of 8 bits (a byte), you increase the number of states exponentially. For example, a byte can store 256 different states (2^8). However, each individual bit remains limited to those two states.

This understanding clarifies that a single bit's capacity is confined to just two possibilities, which makes option A the correct answer. Other options, which suggest 4, 8, or 16 states, refer to combinations of multiple bits rather than a single bit's inherent capabilities.